Is plain language simple? 

“I didn’t spend all those years studying just to write in plain language now.” This is a sentence I once heard from a fellow lawyer. It was at the very beginning of our struggle to implement plain language at Zbroja Adwokaci. A struggle – there is no better word for it –because for us, lawyers, the greatest difficulty in using plain language is a mental barrier. 

And even once that barrier is overcome, there are many habits we simply must unlearn, which is often harder than learning something from scratch. 

What plain language is really about 

It is only about one thing: making sure people understand you. Here and now. So that they do not have to spend an hour deciphering an email from a lawyer – especially when they need to decide in five minutes. So that after the first interaction, they still want to talk to you and are not afraid to do so. Without analyzing whether they are asking a smart or a stupid question. Without wondering whether they have really understood the answer and then looking for confirmation online. 

Why it is so difficult 

Because no one ever taught us communication. We were taught only how to use language correctly. Of course – just to be clear – plain language is also the correct language. It is, and must be, correct in every aspect: stylistic, grammatical, punctuation-related – without that, it simply would not be clear. 

But above all, language must be understandable and consider who we are speaking to and what we want to convey. 

Sometimes I have the impression that lawyers’ conversations and written submissions are like ceremonial tributes, meant to showcase their knowledge, eloquence, and years of education. The recipient becomes little more than an object onto which these golden thoughts are bestowed. It does not really matter what they do with the information, or whether they process it at all. What matters is that, from my side, everything looked impeccable. 

That said, to be fair – implementing plain language is often not a problem on our side alone. Clients, too, have a mental barrier when it comes to documents in which at least several pages are not filled with verbatim quotations from statutes. 

For us, quoting the law is very safe – safer than explaining a provision in our own words and risking that the client or the opposing party will draw different conclusions. Of course, we must be cautious. But let us avoid becoming like doctors who quote the name of a disease straight from a medical classification without explaining what is actually wrong, because the patient might misunderstand and later make a claim. Or like car mechanics who do not even care whether anyone understands them, because the car will be left for repair anyway. 

Our value lies in partnership 

Pioneers never have it easy. Still, plain language is one of the fundamental features of communication through which we strive to stand out. We want to be partners to our clients and support them in understanding the legal environment – also through the language we use.

Yacht keel and copyright – an unusual pair

Copyright law is often associated only with the artistic industry. The first things that come to mind are songwriters, screenwriters, or authors of books. 

However, this law has a broader, often overlooked scope of application. It plays an important, sometimes quite problematic, role also in the maritime industry and the yacht manufacturing sector. 

For example – who holds the copyright to a yacht’s keel? The project commissioner, the architect, or the shipyard that turns the design into a tangible product? 

Copyright to a yacht’s keel – who owns it?

The Polish Copyright and Related Rights Act clearly states that copyright belongs to the creator of the work. A work is defined as a manifestation of creative activity that has an individual character, is established in any form, regardless of its value, purpose, or manner of expression. 

In the production of a yacht’s keel, with three parties involved: 

  • the client commissioning the design and production of the keel,
  • the architect who prepares the design,
  • and the shipyard that brings the design to life, 

the architect is considered the creator under copyright law. Therefore, the architect will hold both economic and moral copyrights. 

If the architect (the creator) is employed under an employment contract, the employer will acquire the economic rights to the work within the limits defined by the employment agreement. 

Thus, if the client wishes to use the keel design without infringing anyone’s rights, they should sign an agreement in which the architect transfers all economic copyrights to them. 

Provisions in the agreement 

This means that in the contract for designing the yacht’s keel, the provisions for the transfer of all economic copyrights and related rights to the client should be included. The safest moment for the transfer of these rights is when the project is handed over to the client. Additionally, it is worth including a clause stating that the creator authorizes the client to exercise their moral rights, and the creator agrees not to exercise those rights. 

With such an agreement in place, the client will reduce the risk of a conflict with the creator of the keel design and will be able to freely dispose of the project, allowing the shipyard to build the yacht’s keel and ultimately the finished vessel.